AMMAN — Beyond the well-trodden paths of Petra and Jerash lies a hidden gem in northern Jordan — the rolling hills of the Jordan Valley. These rugged landscapes are more than scenic backdrops; they are silent witnesses to some of the earliest chapters of human history.
For modern travelers seeking authenticity and depth, the hills above the Jordan Valley offer a rare opportunity to explore not just nature, but the roots of human civilization.
Over the past years, researchers from the University of Basel have explored these remote highlands, where the natural environment has remained relatively untouched by agriculture and grazing. According to Dr. Dorota Wojtczak, much of the 2022 archaeological screening was conducted in higher elevations where the ancient setting is better preserved.
Here, steep valleys known as wadis carve through the terrain from east to west, creating dramatic geological features. A remarkable pattern emerges: the cooler, shaded north-facing slopes support pine and evergreen oak, while the sunnier south-facing sides remain stark and dry. This natural variation in vegetation and moisture created distinct micro-environments — ideal conditions for early humans who relied on gathering and hunting.
“These ecological contrasts formed small niches within the same area,” says Wojtczak. “It’s part of what made this region so suitable for prehistoric settlement.”
If you're fascinated by archaeology, the valley has stories etched into its stone. In the Abu Habil-Kurkuma area alone, 17 prehistoric sites were recorded, with the majority clustered in this southern sector. Among them, Zamliyah-North 1 stands out — it yielded seven Acheulean hand axes, crafted by ancient hands with remarkable skill and intention.
Creating these tools required large, high-quality stones — and the sites where they’re found often align with the best sources of raw material. This points to a sophisticated understanding of natural resources by early humans living here.
Wandering through these hills today, you’re literally walking in the footsteps of early toolmakers, hunters, and nomadic tribes.
Even more rare are the Yabrudian and Middle Palaeolithic finds, such as those discovered at Jinnin Assafa 1 — an unexpected site north of the main concentration of discoveries. It is thought to have served as a production center for tools, despite the lack of local stone, raising questions about ancient transport networks and trade.
However, if you’re hoping to glimpse relics from later eras like the Upper Palaeolithic, they are few and far between. These periods make up just 1% of known finds in the valley, adding to the intrigue of the earlier settlements.
Why Visit?
The Jordan Valley highlands are ideal for those looking to blend hiking, history, and off-the-beaten-path exploration. The scenery is striking, and the sense of discovery is real — no crowds, no paved paths, just nature and time.
Travel Tips:
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Best season to go: Spring and fall are perfect for hiking and exploring.
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What to do: Join a local guide for eco-tours, explore Bedouin communities, hike through wadis, and enjoy panoramic views of the valley below.
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Nearby attractions: Combine your visit with a stop at Pella (Tabaqat Fahl), Ajloun Castle, or Umm Qais for a broader historical journey.
The Jordan Valley hills may not have towering ruins or polished museum exhibits, but for those with a spirit of adventure and curiosity, they offer something far richer — a direct connection to our human past, embedded in the raw beauty of the land.